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The U.K., a former manufacturing powerhouse
The Industrial Revolution started in the North of England two centuries ago. Birmingham was known as the “workshop of the world” due to its diverse metalworking industries. Manchester became known as the world’s first industrial city thanks to its rapid growth, particularly in the textile (cotton) industry.
Massive infrastructure investment in railways and canals helped those regions to propel forward and temporarily become some of the wealthiest cities worldwide.
But it wouldn’t last. The rapid deindustrialization during the 1970s and 1980s marked a significant shift in the nation’s economy and had profound social and